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In the future, the development of the tool magazine industry will aim at high speed, high precision and high efficiency. As the cutting speed of the tool magazine increases and the cutting time continues to shorten, the requirements for tool change time are gradually increasing; the speed of tool change has become an important indicator of high-grade machine tools.

Fast automatic tool change technology is the main purpose of reducing auxiliary processing time, comprehensively considering all aspects of the machine tool, and the technical method of completing tool exchange in the shortest possible time. Generally, horizontal machines with fast tool change speed have several characteristics: 1. The tool arm is short 2. The tool arm is not necessarily in a straight line 3. The two knives may be perpendicular to each other 4. The cam box is small and movable. The main purpose is to make the moment of inertia of the movable part small when changing the tool, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid tool change. The technology includes tool magazine settings, tool change methods, tool change actuators and structural features adapted to high-speed machine tools.

Tool change speed index

There are two main methods to measure the speed of tool change: 1. Tool-to-tool tool change time (t to t) 2. Chip-to-chip tool change time (c to c). Since the chip-to-chip tool change time is basically the time between two cuts of the integrated processing machine, which reflects the auxiliary time required for the integrated processing machine to change the tool, the chip-to-chip tool change time should be a measure of the efficiency of the integrated processing machine The most direct indicator. The tool-to-tool tool change time mainly reflects the performance of the automatic tool change device itself, and is suitable as the performance index of the machine tool automatic tool change device. These two methods are usually used to evaluate the tool change speed. As for how long the tool change time can be regarded as a high-speed machine tool, there is no definite index. When the technical conditions are possible, the tool change speed should be increased as much as possible.

The principle of tool change speed

The tool changing device of a machine tool usually consists of a tool magazine and a tool changing mechanism. Some tools are changed by a mechanical arm, and some tool changing methods do not require a mechanical arm. The form and placement of the tool magazine are also different. In order to meet the needs of high-speed movement, high-speed machine tools are structurally different from traditional machine tools. It has become the mainstream of high-speed machine tool design to focus on tool motion feed to reduce the quality of moving workpieces. Therefore, when designing the tool changer, the structural characteristics of the high-speed machine tool must be fully considered.

Tool change speed method

The rapid automatic tool change technology suitable for machine tools mainly has the following aspects:

Improve the movement speed on the basis of the traditional automatic tool changer, or adopt a mechanism and drive element with a faster movement speed. For example, the tool change speed of the mechanical cam structure is higher than that of the hydraulic and pneumatic structures.

According to the structural characteristics of the high-speed machine tool, the form and position of the tool magazine and tool changer are designed. For example, the tool magazine and tool change device of traditional machine tools are mostly installed on the side of the column, while in high-speed machine tools, the feed method of column movement is mostly used. In order to reduce the quality of moving parts, the tool magazine and tool change device should not be installed on the column. on.

The new method is adopted for rapid tool exchange, instead of using the tool magazine and manipulator method, other methods are used to change the tool. For example, instead of changing the tool, use the method of changing the spindle.

Use tool holders suitable for high-speed machine tools. For example, the hsk tool holder is light in weight and the stroke of loading and unloading tools is short, which can increase the speed of the automatic tool changer. The rapid automatic tool change device adopts the hsk hollow short tapered shank tool magazine is a development trend.